Biological dentistry values the role of biocompatibility in maintaining oral and overall health. Essentially, biocompatibility refers to the compatibility of dental materials with the human body. It’s important that these materials not only do their job well but also ensure patient safety by avoiding any tissue damage or adverse reaction in the body.
In everyday dental procedures, numerous kinds of materials are used. These include composites for fillings, amalgam and glass ionomer. While composites and glass ionomers are generally considered safe, the mercury present in amalgam poses potential risks.
Similarly, ceramic and metal alloys are some of the materials used in prosthetics. Ceramics are inert and biocompatible, making them suitable for dental work. However, metal alloys containing elements like nickel may cause allergic reactions in some patients.
Biocompatibility testing is crucial when using dental materials. This process involves testing for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, hemocompatibility, among others via in-vitro testing. In-vivo testing, through animal studies, provides insights into potential inflammation and tissue compatibility. Furthermore, human trials confirm the safety and efficacy of these materials in real-life applications.
Nevertheless, achieving absolute biocompatibility remains a challenge in biological dentistry due to several factors. Material degradation, variations in individual responses, complex interactions within the oral cavity, and emergence of new materials pose potential hurdles.
However, the field of biological dentistry continues to evolve. Fine-tuning biocompatibility answers lies in diverse approaches, focusing on bioactive materials, sustainable dentistry and techniques for tissue regeneration. Biological dentistry strives to offer care with materials that are safe for each patient leading to desirable, lasting outcomes.
Biological dentistry aims to assure the synthesis of effective materials and successful treatments through biocompatibility. Despite the challenges it presents, biocompatibility remains a vital part of providing reliable, consistent, and patient-friendly dental care.
The International Academy of Biological Dentistry and Medicine (IABDM) is a network of dentists, physicians, and health professionals committed to promoting biological dentistry. We invite you to visit our website to learn more about our advocacy for biocompatible dental materials and toxin-free practices.